Glossary: G, H, I; Laptop & Laptop LCD Screen Industry Definitions
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ScreenTek is proud to provide you this glossary of common terms in the laptop LCD screen industry, and in the laptop notebook industry. Feel free to become more familiar with the terms we use throughout our site. If you notice any glaring omissions, we'd be glad to hear about those. Drop us a line at sales@screentekinc.com.
Gate drain capacitance
is formed as a conductor that is positioned on the surface of the transistor between the gate and the drain The conductor is formed on an insulator thereby electrically insulating the conductor from the substrate of the transistor.
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Gate pulse distortion
used for controlling the phase of a gate pulse impressed on an AC-DC converter, can be very significant when a train of pulses must pass through an AC-coupled (high-pass filtered) amplifier.
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Glare
A beam or ray of light being emitted from a light source. Glare is commonly, yet incorrectly, used in place of technically a phenomenon related to the surrounding environment of a display, and as such, is beyond the ability of the display engineer to directly control. As used commonly by display users, however, glare refers to a reflection from the display which is highly distracting. Typically a user will call an obvious reflection of a white shirt in a display as a glare which reduces his ability to perform his tasks. This is actually more correctly a specular reflection (see Reflections on Reflections). Treatments of the surface to minimize this are referred to as antiglare or antireflection treatments. Antireflection treatments reduce the difference in refractive index between air and the display in a way which is the optical equivalent to impedance matching in electronics. Antiglare treatments, on the other hand, leave the impedance mismatch present, but cause the reflections to be scattered into all directions.
(more Optics terms)
Gloss
The degree to which a surface exhibits specular reflectance or the quality of image a surface reflects. It is a measure of the image forming ability of a surface. A general way to describe gloss is to say the surface looks shiny or dull. A smooth and highly polished surface will be shinier or have higher gloss. Gloss or the image forming ability of a surface is affected by 1) the material being used, 2) the surface profile (rough versus smooth) and 3) the transparency of the material. Traditional laptop LCD screens which use an anti-glare polarizer create a low gloss surface while the newer shiny laptop LCD screens which use an anti-reflective surface have a high gloss surface.
(more Surface terms)
Gloss meter
A device used to measure the gloss or image forming ability of a surface.
(more Surface terms)
Gloss units
A unit of measure of the gloss or image forming ability of a surface measured in percentage of specular reflection.
(more Surface terms)
High-Performance Addressing (HPA)
An LCD display technology which provides a better response rate and contrast when compared to a traditional LCD display.
(more Hardware terms)
Horizontal back porch
The period of time between the end of the Horizontal Sync pulse and the start of the next horizontal active time.
(more Hardware terms)
Horizontal front porch
The time between the end of the horizontal active time and the start of the horizontal sync pulse.
(more Hardware terms)
Horizontal sync
During the horizontal blank time, the monitor receives the horizontal sync pulse which is used for synchronizing the monitor to operate exactly synchronous to the PC graphics card. After receiving the horizontal sync pulse, the monitor returns the beam to the left side of the screen.
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Hot cathode fluorescent lamp
mainly used as a backlight in a liquid crystal display apparatus, comprising: a glass bulb; a pair of filament coils disposed in respective ends of the glass bulb, each filament coil having a coiled portion coated with an electron emissive material; and a heat-resistant sleeve disposed to cover one of the coiled portions
(more Hardware terms)
Illuminance
The total luminous flux incident per unit area. It refers to the amount of incident light.
(more Optics terms)
Illuminance meter
Measures the brightness of illuminated objects.
(more Optics terms)
Impulse type display
driving method for a liquid crystal display (LCD) is used for driving a pixel array of an LCD panel. The method includes providing a set of impulse control signals to a source driver.
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In-plane Switching
A proprietary LCD cell structure. IPS displays have an excellent off axis viewing characteristics, but have poor aperture ratios, contrast ratio and speed. Hitachi / NEC
(more Hardware terms)
 Inverter
At its simplest, a circuit that converts DC current into AC current. Typically called an "inverter board", this roughly pencil-sized device provides power to the backlight of the LCD device. Every LCD has a small cable of two wires leading to the inverter, and if either this cable, the inverter, or the backlight fail, you'll see a faint, dark image on the LCD screen. With some laptop manufacturers, such as Dell, the inverter is attached to the LCD. In this case, you must remove both from the laptop before you'll be able to detach the inverter from the LCD.
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Ion doping
used method to form source and drain helps to control the short channel effect and device driving characteristics.
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is a way to increase the apparent resolution of a computer's liquid crystal display (LCD) or Organic
Electro-optic properties of liquid crystal phase gratings (LCPGs), regarding groove depth, temperature and a cell gap, have been studied. The off response times are proportional to the square of the groove depth. The transmitted light colour depends on temperature. When there is a gap between the grating and the opposite substrate, their transmittance-voltage curve has a maximum and a minimum. The authors have also simulated the LCPG properties using a homogeneous alignment model. The simulating results coincide with experimental results; therefore the simulation method is considered useful to predict LCPG properties.
(more Optics terms)
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